European+Nationalism

European Nationalism 1815-1914 Kyle,Nicole, and Tanner

The European Nationalism, caused by lower paid workers from the industrial revolution and liberals wanting many changes. People of many different nationalities wanting to create nations for their ethnic groups. These becoming unsuccessful being that liberals cannot decide on one major goal, leaving the monarchs in power. After the Congress of Vienna, France elects Louis XVIII as king who agrees to keep the French Parliment in place. Liberals state he is not __happy__ enough and conservatives state absolute monarch was much better. Charles X takes over after the death of Louis XVIII passes away, and completely gets rid of parliment and France becomes absolute monarch __again__.

This leaves Louis Phillip who favors the upper and middle class, and is against socialism, this leads to the middle class being able to vote. Then, Louis Blanc comes into play and he establishes workhouses these are __work__ places owned by the government and involves raising __taxes__. Middle class revolts and leads to Louis fleeing the country. Louis Napoleon, Napoleon Bonapartes nephew then comes to power, he passes male suffrage and censors newspapers. He then ends up in a war with Prussia and ends up to be a disaster for France.

Lastly the Germans, (also known as the German Confederation being that there is no Germany yet) these states are under the supervision of Austria at the time. Austria, France, and Russia all felt that a unified Germany wouldn't be a good thing. This was until Prussia dominated the German Confederation and became a big power in Europe. This would grow to be a huge economic help to push Prussia to the top of the chains in the European __race__ for power.



__//**TIMELINE**//__ __**1831**__ YOUNG ITALY SOCIETY, a nationalist youth organization, is founded by Mazzini __**1848**__ Pope Pius IX flees Rome after one of his ministers is assasinated __**1852**__ Count Camillo de Cavour becomes prime minister of the Kingdom of Sardinia __**1859**__ Cavour tricks Austria into declaring war on Sardinia __**1860**__ Giuseppe Garibaldi and his RED SHIRTS invade Sicily __**1862**__ Otto Von Bismarck becomes chief minister of Prussia __**1864**__ During the Danish War, Prussia allies with Austria to prevent Denmark from annexing Schleswig-Holstein __**1866**__ Bismarck provokes Austria into fighting the Austro-Prussian War; Prussian troops easily __win__ the Seven Weeks War; Venetia is added to the Kingdom of Italy __**1872**__ Bismarck launches the KULTURKAMPF, an attack against Catholics __//**PEOPLE**//__ __//**TERMS**//__ media type="youtube" key="EH2v2eJjqik" height="315" width="420" media type="youtube" key="Yd7ZctZLj28" height="315" width="420"
 * __1861__** Italy becomes unified under VICTOR EMMANUEL II, excluding Rome and Venetia
 * Louis XVIII || France was the sole European country which kept the __idea__ of a democratic republic as the focus and inspiration for revolution. However, the Congress of Vienna had decreed a constitutional monarchy for the nation. This king ruled with the support of the populace until 1824. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Charles X || In 1830, after 6 years of rule, he attempted to restore absolute monarchy, attempting to dissolve the legislature and enraging liberals. Finally he agrees to hold new elections, but (duh!) the liberals sweep the vote and the new legislature is no more cooperative. After his July Ordinances (__again__ trying to dissolve the legislature), riots forced him to abdicate and flee to Britain. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Louis-Philippe || Charles X's throne was filled with, a supporter of liberal reform. This "bourgeois monarchy" appealed to the liberal population, along with the liberal legislature.Eighteen years after his ascension to power, he blundered—canceled a public banquet in fear of riots, ironically resulting in riots—and fell from popular favor. The growing group of radicals (workers of the industrial revolution) found his reforms insufficient. In place of the monarchy, the Second Republic was formed. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Lamartine || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] One of two temporary executive leaders of the Second Republic in France, he was liberal and wanted ONLY political reform. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Blanc || One of two temporary executive leaders of the Second Republic in France, he was a radical and wanted social and economic in addition to political reform. He demanded government programs (National Workshops) to provide jobs and welfare for all citizens, but was turned down. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Louis Napoleon || A more moderate constitution was established later in 1848, involving a parliament and strong popularly-elected president (universal male suffrage). This man, the nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte, was immediately elected president. However, by 1851, he ruled as emperor and the government was renamed the Second Empire. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Mazzini || (1832-1848): began a nationalist youth group called "Young Italy" and briefly led a republican government in Rome. He thought that the nation-state was the best path towards peace, social justice, and democracy in Europe, and supported the idea of a unified socialist republic. He was banished after the failed 1848 riots (quashed by Austria and France). ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Emmanuel II || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] The king of Piedmont-Sardinia (a constitutional monarchy), he named Count Cavour prime minister in 1852 and became the first leader of a unified Italy (as we know today). ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Cavour || A wealthy, middle-aged aristocrat, he became the Sardinian prime minister in 1852. He expanded his state's power and rule through diplomacy, alliances, and cunning. With French help (Emperor Napoleon III), he seized Austria's territory of Lombardy in the north in 1858 after luring the other country into a war. Austria kept only Venetia, while France gained Savoy and Nice. Later he secured the assistance of Garibaldi by convincing him that the Holy Alliance would only allow Italy to exist as a constitutional monarchy, not a socialist government. With the radical leader's consent, he was able to add the southern Italian states to his nation. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Garibaldi || (1807-1882): a romantic, socialist Italian nationalist, he led rebellions in the southern states. He and his followers were famous for their red shirts and they won Sicily in May 1860. With popular consent, he agreed to unite Italy under the rule of Emmanuel II. ||
 * Prussia || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Annexed several northern German states from Austria after the Austro-Prussian in 1866. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Krupp || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] German industrial giant that produced steel and weapons for the world market after 1871. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Austria || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Country that took control of northern Italy in mid 1800s. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Catholic || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Dominant religion in Italy. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Lenin || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Vladimir Ulyanov changed his name to this. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Great Britain || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Germany's navy was second only to this nation's in the 19th century. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Reich stag || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Lower house of the German legislature that elected by strictly German males. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Trans-Siberian || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] 5000-mile railroad linking European Russia with Pacific Ocean. ||
 * [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Pogroms || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Violent mob attacks on Jews in Russia. ||
 * Serfs || [[image:http://b.quizlet.com/a/i/spacer.VrUK.gif]] Laborers bound to the land and to the masters who controlled their fate. ||

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European Nationalism- A look into Napoleon the thirds take over of France. European Nationalism- A look into the life of Russia in the 1800's. European Nationalism- A look into St. Isaac's Cathedral and it's importance in Europe and Russia. European Nationalism- A look at Mariinsky Palace built for Maria, Czar Nicholas's daughter and it's importance. European Nationalism- A look into the Romanov family and the effect they had on Russia. European Nationalism- A look at what nationalism means and what effect it had on Europe. European Nationalism- A look into how France made it through nationalism. European Nationalism- A look into how Italy made it through nationalism. European Nationalism- A look into how Germany made it through nationalism.
 * //__LINKS__//**
 * //__European Nationalism-__//** Biography of Napoleon the third and the life he lived in France and abroad.