Crisis+and+Absolutionism+in+Europe

Crisis and Absolutionism 1492- 1775  Kyle, Nicole, and Tanner  **I have already joined myself in marriage to a husband, namely the kingdom of England. - Elizabeth Tudor **

Spain, A country who fought for freedom from the muslims. Rodrigo Diaz AKA "El Cid" lead the spanish to drive them out of Spain. Moors are Spanish Muslims who tried to take over Spain. Queen Isabella of Castille married Ferdinand of Aragon to unite Spain in 1469.They financed Christopher Columbus his journey in 1492 so he could sail the ocean blue. Cristopher was born to Susanna Fontannarosa in Genoa, Italy and had three brothers. He was an extrordinary type of guy who loved adventure. He became a navigator and planned a huge trip to reach india from around the other side of the world, with his three ships The Nina, The Pinta, and The Santa Maria.

The Spanish Inquisition was a deadly one, one of the worst in history. This was a time when Ferdanand and Isabella of Spain decided that Catholicism is what is going to unite Spain. They started by asking of the popes permission to purify the people in Spain, once the permission was granted began the driving out of Jews, Protestants, and many other non-believers. The Hapsburg family was the leading family in Europe at this time. Philip V was "The Prudent King", he was the son of Charles V and ruled from 1556-1598. The Spanish Armada made a big impact on Europe. This fleet of ships invaded England with 60,000 soldiers and 168 ships through The English Channel.

Francis Drake was a Sea Dog from England who was employed by Queen Elizabeth I to take out the Spanish Armada. This mission succeeded and they defeated the Spanish Armada in 1588. Queen Elizabeth brought about a Golden Age and was called, "Good Queen Bess," and, "The Virgin Queen." The state of Virginia in the United States is actually named after her. Another ruler was King George and he spoke only German and ruled from 1714-1727. Sir Robert Walpole, was the first Prime minister of England. = ** Timeline: ** = = ** __1562__- ** French wars of religion begin. = = ** __1580__- Golden Age of English theater begins. ** = = ** __1588__- England defeats the Spanish Armada. ** = = ** __1589__- Edict of Nantes recognizes the rights of huguenots in Catholic France. ** = = ** __1599__- Globe Theater Built. ** = = ** __1603__- Elizabeth I dies. ** = = ** __1613__- Romanov Dynasty begins in Russia. ** = = ** __1615__- Cercantes completes Don Quixote. ** = = ** __1643__- Louis XIV comes to throne of France at age four. ** = = ** __1649__- Charles I is executed. ** =

Important People:   **__1. Louis XIV__**- Wanted to be a real King and sole ruler of France. He fostered the myth of himself as the Sun King. __**2. Ivan IV**__- expanded territories of Russia eastward. Crushed the power of the Russian nobility. Ivan the Terrible because of the ruthless deeds. __**3. Elizabeth Tudor**__- Queen of England. Issued a new Act of Supremacy that named her as "the only supreme govenor" of both church and state. __**4. Oliver Cromwell**__- Helped Roundheads win civil war in England. Purged Parliament of its members. **__5. Peter the Great__**- Determined to westernize Russia. Russia became a great military power. **__6. Charles I__**- Son of James I. Tried to impose more ritual on the Church of England. __**7. James I**__- King of England. Believed in the divine right of Kings. **__8. King Philip II__**- King of Spain. Insisted on strict conformity to cathalicism and strong monarchy authority. Nicknamed the "Most Catholic King." **__9.Michael Romanov__**- Chosen by Zemsky Sobor, or national assembly, as the new Czar. **__ 10.Frederick Willion the Great Elector- __** Laid foundation of Prussia state. Built large and efficient standing army. =**Terms**= __**Baroque**__- An artistic style of the seventeenth century. It was very popular for the artists. __**Mannerism**__- An artistic movement that marked the end of the Renaissance. __**Bohemia-**__ Protestant Kingdom in the Holy Roman Empire.
 * __Armada__-** A Fleet of Warships. The Spanish Armada tried to attack England and it went horribly wrong in the process.
 * __Huguenots__-** French Protestants influenced by John Calvin**.** They were also known as calvinists.
 * __Edict of Nantes__- Granted** the Huguenots liberty of conscience and worship. The Huguenots could now worship how they wanted to.
 * __Divine Right of Kings__-** The belief that kings receive their power from god and are responsible only to god.
 * __Puritans__-** Protestants in England inspired by Calvinist ideas. Some of them later fleed to the American colonies.
 * __Absolutism__-** A political system in which a ruler holds total power. Many people were absolutists like Louis XIV, Ivan IV, and Oliver Cromwell.
 * __Boyar__-** A Russian Noble. A member of the highest rank in Russia.

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=**Links**=
 * Crisis and Absolutionism in Europe- a detailed look at the life of Elizabeth the Queen of England and her successes.**
 * Crisis and Absolutionism in Europe- A look into what James the first did with England and how the bible has affected generations.**
 * Crisis and Absolutionism in Europe- Ivan the Terrible is the main focus here. It even has a video on the page to better explain things.**
 * Crisis and Absolutionism in Europe- A look at how Peter the Great tried to westernize Russia.**
 * Crisis and Absolutionism in Europe- What King Louis XIV did for France and for himself.**
 * Crisis and Absolutionism in Europe- A look at how Michael Romanov affected Russia.**
 * Crisis and Absolutionism in Europe- Philip II of Spain and the Catholic church are discussed.**
 * Crisis and Absolutionism in Europe- A deeper look into the Spanish Armada and what both countries were facing.**
 * Crisis and Absolutionism in Europe- A look at the magnificent palace that King Louis XIV built, including photos and much much more!**
 * Crisis and Absolutionism in Europe- A brief look into the lives of the people of prussia and what they had to go through in their everyday lives.**

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